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Logo of Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless

Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless (Brew MP, Brew, or BREW) is an application development platform created by Qualcomm, originally for code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile phones, featuring third-party applications such as mobile games. It is offered in some feature phones (mostly with the similar specifications of a mid to high-end mobile phones) but not in smartphones. Developed in 1999, as a platform for wireless applications on CDMA-based mobile phones, it debuted in September 2001.As a software platform that can download and run small programs for playing games, sending messages, and sharing photos, the main advantage of Brew MP is that the application developers can easily port their applications among all Brew MP devices by providing a standardized set of application programming interfaces. Software for Brew MP enabled handsets can be developed in C or C++ using the freely downloadable Brew MP software development kit (SDK).^[1] The Brew runtime library is part of the wireless device on-chip firmware or operating system to allow programmers to develop applications without needing to code for system interface or understand wireless applications. Brew is described as a pseudo operating system, but not a true mobile operating system. Brew is not a virtual machine such as Java ME, but runs native code.

Software[edit]

For software developers, Brew MP is a full set of application programming interfaces (API) that enables making software and applications in C, C++, Java, and is supported (platform) by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). It has a memory footprint of about 15,900 K (15.9 MB), From Brew 1.x until 2.x (before 2004), it has less memory footprint (around 60kb). Brew also features direct hardware access. Versions before Brew MP ran/relied on REX OS (Qualcomm's own RTOS), while Brew MP uses Brew RTOS (another RTOS for advanced feature phones). Rather than using an interpreter-based code, Brew also relied on its own mobile hardware.

Version history[edit]

Brew 1.0/1.1 (2001–2003)[edit]

Debuted in 2001, it was the very first version of Brew. Originally made for the Kyocera QCP-3035 (which was the very first Brew-enabled phone) and Sharp Z-800. It made use of personal digital assistant-level features (usually for some applications and the ability to run Brew applications). However, it lacks advanced multimedia features and support for Java ME that were available in subsequent versions. It was the only version of Brew to support monochrome screens as support for monochrome screens were removed in Brew 2.0.

Brew 1.1 was the first version of Brew to run Java ME applications. It was available in some Brew-enabled phones in 2002 and early 2003.

Brew 2.0/2.1 (2002–2004)[edit]

Released in the mid-2002, it was installed for most of the Brew-enabled phones in late-2002 until early 2004. It includes support for advanced multimedia playbacks (the ability to play video and audio files, as well as support for 3GPP multimedia formats), connectivity for EV-DO and Bluetooth support, as well as screen savers and other improvements. It also supports MIDP 2.0 on Brew 2.1 and it is backward compatible with Brew 1.x applications.

Brew 3.0/3.1 (2004–present)[edit]

Released in 2004, it was the first version of Brew to have major changes and it has a vast majority of features for mobile phones, such as WiFi connectivity, OpenGL ES 1.0, support for 3G, GPS, QWERTY-based keypads, and support for mobile screens that are higher than 176x220. It is backward compatible with Brew 2.x applications, but not with Brew 1.x applications.

It is also the first version of Brew to support 3D graphics, albeit it only uses software rendering (which also supports JSR 184 for Java ME games). Hardware acceleration is also natively supported via OpenGL ES 1.0 (if a 3D acceleration chip is available).

It was installed on most feature phones in the United States and in other countries since 2005 and it is still supported by a few carriers. It is also used for the Zeebo console in Mexico and Brazil.

Brew 4.0 (2007–2011)[edit]

Released in 2007 until 2011, it was only integrated on very few mobile phones (such as LG enV Touch and the LG Versa). It has only a few improvements and it was later succeeded by Brew MP. It has additional features that are also available in Brew MP, such as accelerometer support and other changes.

Brew MP (2009–present)[edit]

Released in 2009, internally known as Brew 5.0, it has new various features (including SVG images support) and certain improvements and it is backward compatible with Brew 3.x and 4.x applications. Digitech usb inspection camera for mac. It is also the first version of Brew to make certain APIs and legacy files deprecated. It is also the first version of Brew to rely on its own RTOS rather than Qualcomm's own REX OS.

Brew application development[edit]

For testing applications during the development process, the SDK includes a Brew emulator, or starting with Brew version 3.1.5 and above, the Brew Simulator. The Brew environment provides for multiple levels of application signatures. One signature authenticates the developer. Another signature verifies that an application has passed True Brew testing and is bestowed through Intertek. The individual telecommunications operators configure the handsets to either enforce or ignore the presence and verification of this second signature. Brew enabled handsets have a test mode that allows applications to bypass verification of the signature. Qualcomm makes applications that have passed testing available to Brew enabled wireless network operators. The operators are then able to choose which of these applications to make available to end-users on their catalog.

Brew's own signatures is protected by an Electronic Serial Number and a MEID, this means it prevents the unauthorized distribution/sideloading of Brew applications to 3rd-parties rather than carriers. Once the application is downloaded OTA via a Brew-based carrier, the .sig file will automatically generate an electronic serial number to its installed handset.

The Brew emulator, named Brew Simulator, does not emulate handset hardware. Instead, the Brew application is compiled to native code and linked with a compatible Brew runtime library. Because of this, applications cannot be tested for platform bugs related to memory alignment and various firmware related glitches without a Brew handset operating in test mode.

For testing purposes, Brew applications can be transferred using a Universal Serial Bus (USB) or serial cable to any Brew-compatible handset using Brew AppLoader from Qualcomm. A Brew application contains several components which, if not present and valid, cause the application to be automatically deleted on reboot. This includes the compiled binary file, a file which describes the application, the features it uses and permissions requested, a file that contains string and image resources if required, and a file containing the application's digital signature.

Brew applications may be unloaded from a consumer handset to save handset memory space. This is referred to as 'Disable/Restore', and is a requirement of the True Brew Test Process. Saved files are kept intact using Disable/Restore, and it is possible to re-load the application without paying for it again. In a 'Disable' situation, all .bar, .mod, and .sig files are deleted from the handset, while any other files remain in their original place. During the 'Restore' oper